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1861 For the first time, the US government levied an income tax.
1891 The first traveller's cheque, devised by American Express, was
cashed.
1906 * John Houston, US film director who directed The Maltese
Falcon (1941).
1906 * Joan Hickson, English actress best known as her role as
detective Miss Marple.
1914 The first electric traffic lights were installed, in Cleveland,
Ohio.
1930 * Professor Neil Armstrong, US astronaut and the first man on
the moon.
1951 * Bob Geldof, Irish musician who organized Live Aid to help the
starving in Ethiopia.
1962 Nelson Mandela, South African ANC leader was jailed for life
for treason.
1962 US actress Marilyn Monroe was found dead having overdosed on
sleeping pills.
1963 The United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union signed the
limited Test Ban Treaty, which prohibited nuclear weapon tests in
the atmosphere, in outer space, and underwater.
1969 The US space probe Mariner 7 transmitted pictures of Mars.
1973 Three people were killed and 55 wounded when two Arab gunmen
open fire on a crowded passenger lounge at Athens airport.
1975 Dutch elm disease, which has so far attacked more than three
million trees in Britain, is spreading.
1983 Twenty two members of the IRA were jailed for a total of more
than 4,000 years following one of Northern Ireland's biggest mass
trials.
1991 A two-year-old girl is recovering in hospital after being
savaged by a Rottweiler dog at a pub in Yorkshire.
xxxx * = Date of birth
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